Budapest
布达佩斯

Design as an Incubator for Start-ups
设计作为初创企业的孵化器

Abstract

Budapest, the capital of Hungary and the ninth largest city in the EU, lies on both banks of the Danube River. Renowned for its architectural landscapes blending Gothic, Baroque and Art Nouveau styles, it is hailed as the 'Pearl of the Danube' and the 'Paris of Eastern Europe'. As a cultural hub in Central and Eastern Europe, its urban development integrates historical heritage protection and modern innovation. In 2015, it was designated as a 'City of Design' by UNESCO, becoming a key node in the global creative industry network. Through systematic urban planning, Budapest balances public space renovation and green space construction. For example, regeneration projects along the Danube transform industrial sites into art centers, creating an urban texture with both historical significance and ecological sustainability.

The rise of Budapest's design industry began with international exploration in the early 2000s. In 2004, the first Budapest Design Week was held, focusing on industrial design and architectural innovation, and became the first major design exchange platform in Central and Eastern Europe, attracting global designers and integrating local creative industries into the international value chain. In 2009, the creative industry park was completed, integrating designer studios, art galleries and tech labs, forming an innovation cluster represented by 3h Architecture and incubating design brands that combine traditional craftsmanship with digital technology. After being named the 'City of Design' in 2015, Budapest launched the 'Smart City' strategy, optimizing the public transport network through digital infrastructure upgrades, like introducing real-time data analysis to ease traffic congestion and expanding the subway to four lines. In 2020, urban regeneration projects in old areas, such as the renovation of the former Székelyudvar department store in District 11, reshape public space functions with modernist architecture, adding green areas and pedestrian zones to improve residents' quality of life.

Budapest supports the design industry with a multi-layered policy framework. 'Budapest 2030' focuses on 'livability, sustainability and equal opportunity', planning 17 cross-sectoral goals, including brownfield development and urban revitalization. The annual Budapest Design Week, with over 120 events, promotes cross-industry collaboration. The VAM Design Center, converted from an abandoned bus station, is an important design education base. With urban development at its core, Budapest empowers public space regeneration through creative industries, creating a sustainable picture of coexistence between historical heritage and modern design. From the Chain Bridge to the smart transport network, it is writing a new chapter of innovation for Central and Eastern European cities.

摘要

布达佩斯是匈牙利首都及欧盟第九大城市，坐落在多瑙河两岸，以其融合哥特式、巴洛克与新艺术运动的建筑景观闻名，被誉为“多瑙河明珠”与“东欧巴黎”。作为中东欧文化枢纽，其城市发展贯穿历史遗产保护与现代创新，2015 年被联合国教科文组织列为“设计之都”，成为全球创意产业网络的重要节点。布达佩斯通过系统性城市规划，平衡公共空间改造与绿地建设，例如多瑙河沿岸的再生项目将工业遗址转化为艺术中心，塑造了兼具历史厚重与生态可持续的城市肌理。

布达佩斯的设计产业崛起始于21世纪初的国际化探索： 2004 年首届布达佩斯设计周举办，聚焦工业设计与建筑创新，成为中东欧地区首个大型设计交流平台，吸引全球设计师参与，推动本地创意产业融入国际价值链。2009 年创意产业园区落成，整合设计师工作室、艺术画廊与科技实验室，形成以 3h Architecture 为代表的创新集群，孵化出融合传统手工艺与数字技术的设计品牌。2015 年获评“设计之都”后，布达佩斯启动“智慧城市”战略，通过数字化基础设施升级优化公共交通网络，例如引入实时数据分析系统缓解交通拥堵，并扩建地铁线路至四线运营。2020 年城市再生计划深入老旧城区，如 11 区斯卡拉布达百货旧址改造，通过现代主义建筑语言重塑公共空间功能，新增绿地与步行街区，提升市民生活品质。

布达佩斯以多层次政策框架支撑设计产业发展：《布达佩斯 2030》以“宜居性、可持续性、机会均等”为核心，规划 17 项跨领域目标，包括棕地开发与社会城市复兴，例如多瑙河沿岸棕地转型为混合功能社区，融合住宅、商业与艺术空间。

此外，每年秋季举办的布达佩斯设计周，涵盖 120 余场活动，如“开放工作室”计划向公众展示中小型设计企业流程，促进跨行业协作。而 VAM 设计中心则由废弃汽车站改建而成，保留包豪斯风格石墙与大理石地面，常设展览涵盖新艺术运动至现代主义家具，如勒·柯布西耶与弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特的原作，成为设计教育的重要基地。

布达佩斯以城市发展为轴心，通过创意产业赋能公共空间再生，在应对气候变化的挑战中，构建出历史遗产与现代设计共生的可持续图景。从多瑙河畔的链子桥到智慧交通网络，这座城市正以设计为语言，书写中东欧都市的革新篇章。