Puebla
普埃布拉

Design Fuels the Rise of the City
设计带动城市的崛起

Abstract

Puebla, Mexico's fourth-largest city, is celebrated for its rich historical and cultural heritage and vibrant creative economy. Known as the 'City of Tiles', Puebla has garnered international acclaim since the 16th century for its Talavera pottery, a blend of European Baroque styles and indigenous craftsmanship recognized by UNESCO in 2019 as Intangible Cultural Heritage. Design plays a central role in the city's identity, particularly after its designation as a UNESCO Creative City of Design in 2015, marking a turning point toward design-driven urban transformation.

Since joining the UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN) as a City of Design, Puebla has positioned design as a core strategy for sustainable development. The local government invested $1.25 trillion over five years in 1,374 creative projects, spanning public space revitalization and historic building restoration. For instance, the Historic Center repurposed vacant buildings into creative hubs, while the Barrio del Artista enhanced cultural tourism with public art installations. These initiatives not only improved urban infrastructure but also boosted Puebla's creative economy, contributing 7.26% to the state’s GDP and creating over 38,000 jobs.

Puebla has embraced the fusion of traditional craftsmanship and contemporary design, with Talavera pottery adopting sustainable practices like eco-friendly glazes. The city has fostered creative clusters to encourage collaboration between academia, industry, and research. Additionally, Puebla has expanded international partnerships, such as a 2024 collaboration with Chinese ceramic enterprises in Dehua, to explore technological exchange and global market integration.

Today, Puebla is redefining its identity as a City of Design. Through the synergy of urban governance and cultural policy, it has transformed traditional crafts into a modern creative capital, offering a sustainable model for urban renewal. As its motto declares, 'Rising through Design', Puebla exemplifies how creative economies can reshape cities and inspire cultural revitalization.

摘要

普埃布拉是墨西哥第四大城市，以其深厚的历史文化遗产与蓬勃的创意经济闻名。这座拥有 154 万人口的城市，自 16 世纪殖民时期便以融合欧洲巴洛克风格与本土工艺的“塔拉韦拉彩陶”（Talavera pottery）蜚声国际，其制陶工艺于 2019 年被联合国教科文组织列为人类非物质文化遗产。作为墨西哥“彩瓷之城”，普埃布拉的设计产业根植于传统手工艺与现代创新的交织，尤其以 2015 年加入联合国教科文组织“创意城市网络”（UCCN）并获评“设计之都”，开启了以设计驱动城市转型的新篇章。

2015 年入选 UCCN“设计之都”后，普埃布拉将设计视为可持续城市发展的核心战略。当地政府通过“设计政策”系统性整合文化、经济与社会目标：五年内投入 1.25 万亿美元，实施 1374 个创意项目，覆盖公共空间改造、历史建筑修复、社会住房建设等领域，推动“城市复兴”。例如，历史中心通过“社区参与”激活闲置建筑，将其转化为创意工坊与艺术展厅；艺术家街区以公共艺术装置串联街巷，促进文化旅游业发展。这些举措不仅改善城市基础设施，更使创意经济贡献率达该州 GDP 的 7.26%，创造 3.8 万余个就业岗位，成为区域发展的重要引擎。

普埃布拉注重传统工艺与现代设计的融合。塔拉韦拉陶瓷在保留手工技艺的同时，引入可持续设计理念，开发环保釉料与创新器型，并通过“创意集群”形成产学研协同网络。此外，城市积极拓展国际合作，如 2024 年与中国德化陶瓷企业共建推广中心，探索技术交流与市场互通，推动设计成果的全球化转化。在教育领域，普埃布拉设立设计研究中心，联合高校与企业培养复合型人才，强化“设计思维”在解决城市治理、社会公平等议题中的应用。

如今的普埃布拉，正以“设计之都”身份重构城市身份。其经验表明，设计不仅是美学表达，更是整合历史遗产、经济活力与社会包容的工具。通过“城市治理”与“文化政策”的联动，普埃布拉成功将传统工艺转化为现代创意资本，为全球城市提供了一条以设计驱动可持续更新的可行路径。正如其城市口号所言——“因设计而崛起”，普埃布拉的实践印证了创意经济如何重塑城市命运，并为后发城市的文化复兴树立典范。